Authority and Violence in Teacher-Student Relations: An Anthropological Perspective of PAK

Berty Kristina Napitupulu; Semuel Selanno

doi:10.63895/j30321271..v.i.pp08-15

Authors

Berty Kristina Napitupulu Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Dunia, Banten – Indonesia 15138 Author
Semuel Selanno Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Dunia, Banten – Indonesia 15138 Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63895/j30321271..v.i.pp08-15

Keywords:

Authority, violence, education, Christian education, anthropology, local culture

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the dynamics of authority, violence, and Christian values in teacher-student relations through the anthropological perspective of Christian Religious Education (PAK) in Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative approach, drawing on a literature review of theological literature, pedagogy, national education policy, and critical theories of power. Data were analyzed through thematic reduction, content analysis, and hermeneutical-critical interpretation to map the construction of authority, forms of violence, and Christian normative values in educational practice. The results of the study show that theological authority in the PAK is understood as a pastoral call rooted in love, justice, and respect for human dignity. However, in the context of Indonesian education influenced by hierarchical culture, authority has the potential to be distorted into a control mechanism that normalizes physical, verbal, and symbolic violence. Dialogue with power theory and the concept of symbolic violence affirms that pedagogical relations are part of a power network that can reproduce dominance. This research proposes the model of “Love-Based and Anti-Violence Pedagogical Authority” as a conceptual contribution to PAK anthropology, emphasizing the transformation of authority into dialogical, restorative, and inclusive praxis for the formation of humanizing character.

Author Biographies

Berty Kristina Napitupulu, Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Dunia, Banten – Indonesia 15138

Pendidikan Agama Kristen – Institut Agama Kristen Negeri, Manado – Indonesia 95115
Semuel Selanno, Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Dunia, Banten – Indonesia 15138

Pendidikan Agama Kristen – Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Dunia, Banten – Indonesia 15138

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